Montesquieu
Unité Mixte de Recherche 5317, CNRS
The Spirit of Law
A new translation of L’Esprit des lois
© Philip Stewart 2018
Updated to 3 December 2024
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- Hommage à Pierre Rétat
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The Spirit of Law
- Foreword
- Preface
- Book I. On law in general
- Book II. On laws which derive directly from the nature of the government
- Book III. On the principles of the three governements
- Book IV. That laws of education must relate to the principles of the government
- Book V. That the laws made by the legislator must be relative to the principle of the government
- Book VI. Consequences of the principles of the various governments with respect to the simplicity of the civil and criminal laws, the form of judgments, and the establishment of punishments
- Book VII. Consequences of the different principles of the three governments with respect to sumptuary laws, to luxury, and to the condition of women
- Book VIII. On the corruption of the principles of the three governments
- Book IX. On the laws in their relations to the defensive force
- Book X. On the laws in their relation to offensive strength
- Book XI. On the laws that constitute political freedom in their relation to the constitution
- Book XII. On laws that constitute political liberty in its relation to the citizen
- Book XIII. On the relations which the levying of tributes and the magnitude of public revenues have with liberty
- Book XIV. On the laws in their relation to the nature of the climate
- Book XV. How the laws of civil slavery relate to the nature of the climate
- Book XVI. How the laws of domestic slavery relate to the nature of the climate
- Book XVII. How the laws of political servitude are related to the nature of the climate
- Book XVIII. On laws in their relationship to the nature of the terrain
- Book XIX. On the laws in the relation they have to the principles that constitute the general spirit, the morals, and the manners of a nation
- Book XX. On laws in their relationship with commerce, considered in its nature and its distinctions
- Book XXI. On laws in the relation they have to commerce, considered in the transformations it has seen in the world
- Book XXII. On laws in their relation to the use of money
- Book XXIII. On laws in their relation to the number of inhabitants
- Book XXIV. On laws in their relation with religion, considered in its doctrines and in itself
- Book XXV. On laws in their relation with the establishment of religion and its external policy
- Book XXVI. On laws in the relation they must have with the order of things on which they bear
- Book XXVII. On the origin and transformations of the Roman laws on successions
- Book XXVIII. On the origin and transformations of the civil laws among the French
- Book XXIX. On the manner of composing laws
- Book XXX. Theory of feudal laws among the Franks, in the relation they have to the establishment of the monarchy
- Book XXXI. Theory of feudal laws among the Franks, in their relation to the transformations in their monarchy
- Annexes to the edition of 1758
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